Serum Levels and Half-Life of Carbaryl in Buffalo Calves after Subchronic Exposure:Implications for Withdrwal Times

Jump To Abstract / References Section

Authors

  • Najeeb Jawad
     Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana
  • Rajdeep Kaur
     Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana
  • Suresh K. Sharma
     Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana
  • Simrat P. S. Saini
     Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22506/ti/2017/v24/i2/162422

Keywords:

Carbaryl, Buffalo, Half-Life, Serum, Chromatography.

Published

Downloads

Issue & Section & Categories

Volume 24, Issue 2, May-August 2017 || Original Articles

How to Cite

Jawad, N., Kaur, R., Sharma, S. K., & Saini, S. P. S. (2017). Serum Levels and Half-Life of Carbaryl in Buffalo Calves after Subchronic Exposure:Implications for Withdrwal Times. Toxicology International (Formerly Indian Journal of Toxicology), 24(2), 185–189. https://doi.org/10.22506/ti/2017/v24/i2/162422
Crossref
Scopus
Google Scholar
Europe PMC

 

Carbaryl is recommended for use on fodders crops in India, but absolutely no work has been done on its toxicokinetics aspect in any species consuming these forage crops, including buffalo species. Since the toxicokinetics serves as a basis for recommending safe withdrawal period of any substance, the aim of this study was to compute important parameters of carbaryl after its subchronic exposure at recommended dose in order to serve as a guideline with regards to observation of meat withdrawal times in buffaloes exposed to carbaryl. Carbaryl was given at the dose rate of 1 mg/kg daily for 105 consecutive days and blood samples of each animal were collected, followed for extraction of carbaryl in serum. Carbaryl produced a gradual accumulation in serum of buffalo calves after oral exposure. There was variation in serum carbaryl levels from 3.31 ± 0.28 to 3.46 ± 0.61 ppm through day 15 to day 105 of exposure, respectively. The area under the curve (AUC) was computed to be 363.0 ± 10.1μg.ml-1.day-1. Volume of distribution at steady state (Vdss) was found to be 0.162 ± 0.017 ml.kg-1. The overall elimination rate constant (Kel) and mean residential time (MRT) were calculated to be 0.017 ± 0.003 day-1 and 59.1 ± 7.8 days, respectively. Based on mean serum levels of carbaryl, the elimination half life (t1/2β) of carbaryl in buffalo calves was calculated to be 67.37 days. Carbaryl had a long half-life in in buffalo calves. This finding will serve as a guideline with regards to observation of meat withdrawal times in buffaloes exposed to carbaryl. This is very important since carbaryl is recommended for spraying over fodder crops to control pests. However further studies are needed to verify this by measuring actual tissue residue levels of carbaryl at regular time intervals after exposure.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Ribera D, Narbonne J F, Arnaud C, Denis M S. Biochemical responses of the earthworm Eisenia fetida Andrei exposed to contaminated artificial soil, effects of carbaryl. Soil Biol Biochem 2001; 33: 1123-30.

Fodders. In: Gill MS, Mahindra K, editors. Package of Practices for crops of Punjab-Kharif. Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhaina 2010; p. 100-105.

Ghosh P, Bhattacharya S, Bhattacharya S. Impairment of the regulation of gonadal function in Channa punctatus by metacid-50 and carbaryl under laboratory and field conditions. Biomed Environ Sci 1990; 3(1): 106-12.

Qiu Y, Chen J F, Song L, He J, Liu R, Zhang C W, Wang X R. Effects of carbaryl on serum steroid hormone and the function of antioxidant system in female rats. Chin J Indust Hyg Occupational Dis 2005; 23(4): 290-93.

Bacchetta R, Mantecca P, Andrioletti M, Vismara C, Vailati G. Axial–skeletal Defects Caused by Carbaryl in Xenopus laevis Embryos. Sci Total Environ 2008;392(1): 110-18.

Xia Y, Cheng S, Bian Q, Xu L, Collins M D, Chang H C, Song L, Liu J, Wang S, Wang X. Genotoxic Effects on Spermatozoa of Carbaryl-Exposed Workers. Toxicol Sci 2005; 85(1): 615-23.

Barr D B, Barr J R, Maggio V L, Whitehead Jr R D, Sadowski M A, Whyatt R M, Needham L L. A multi-analyte method for the quantification of contemporary pesticides in human serum and plasma using high-resolution mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B 2002; 778: 99–111.

Frias M M, Torres M J, Frenich A G, Vidal J L M, Olea-Serrano F, Olea N. Determination of organochlorine compounds in human biological samples by GC-MS/MS. Biomed Chromatogr 2004; 18(2): 102-11.

Gibaldi M, Perrier. Pharmacokinetics. Marcel and Dekker Inc, New York 1982.

Srivastava AK, Bal MS. Principles and calculations in Pharmacokinetics. Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhaina 1994.

Ghaheri S, Masoum S, Gholami A Resolving of challenging gas chromatography–mass spectrometry peak clusters in fragrance samples using multicomponent factorization approaches based on polygon inflation algorithm . J Chromatography A 2015; 1429 :317–28.

Tang J, Cao Y, Rose R L, Hodgson E. In vitro metabolism of carbaryl by human cytochrome P450 and its inhibition by chlorpyrifos. Chem Biol Interact 2002; 141(3): 229–41.

Gabrielsson J, Weiner D. Non-compartmental analysis. Methods Mol Biol. 2012; 929 : 377-89.

Baynes RE, Dix KJ, Riviere JE. Distribution and pharmacokinetic models. In Ernest Hodgson editor in Pesticide Biotransformation and Disposition. 2012; p117-145.

Tanaka R, Fujisawa S, Nakai K. Study on the absorption and protein binding of carbaryl, dieldrin and paraquat in rats fed on protein diet. J Toxicol Sci 1981; 6: 1-11.

Most read articles by the same author(s)